Relationship between Second- and Third-order Acoustic Nonlinear Parameters in Relative Measurement
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0041624X14002947
Relationship between second- and third-order acoustic nonlinear parameters in relative measurement
Highlights
- •
We proposed the simplified form of third-order acoustic nonlinear parameter.
- •
We newly derived the relationship between simplified forms of second- and third-order nonlinear parameter.
- •
We experimentally verified this new relationship.
Abstract
The higher-order acoustic nonlinear parameters are considered effective damage indices in the field of nondestructive evaluation (NDE). They are defined by using the displacement amplitudes of the fundamental frequency and the harmonics, which are called the absolute nonlinear parameters. Generally, however, it is difficult to measure the very small displacement amplitudes of high-frequency harmonics. Therefore, the simplified parameters using the detected wave signal amplitudes, which are known as the relative nonlinear parameters, have been widely used, although their applications are limited to the relative comparison of before and after damage of a single material under consistent experimental circumstances. In this paper, in order to make clear the concept of relative parameter, we presented first that the relative ratio of the simplified parameters is identical to that of the absolute parameters when the detected signal amplitudes are linearly proportional to the actual displacement amplitudes with respect to the fundamental frequency and the harmonics. In addition, the new relationship between the relative ratio of simplified second-order parameter and the relative ratio of simplified third-order parameter was derived from the relationship between the absolute second- and third-order parameters. This new relationship was successfully verified based on experimental results obtained from Al 6061-T6 processed for different heat treatment times, where it was confirmed in advance that the PZT detection signal amplitudes at the fundamental frequency and its second- and third-order harmonics were linearly proportional to the displacement amplitudes.
-
Full-range stress–strain curve estimation of aluminum alloys using machine learning-aided ultrasound
-
Nondestructive Inspection of Directed Energy Deposited Components Using Scanning Acoustic Microscopy with Metalworking Fluids
-
Nondestructive Inspection of Cylindrical Components Repaired Via Directed Energy Deposition Using Scanning Acoustic Microscopy with Metal Lubricants
-
Plastic properties estimation of aluminum alloys using machine learning of ultrasonic and eddy current data
-
Calibration method using a narrowband signal for measurement of the acoustic nonlinearity parameter
-
Comparisons of second- and third-order ultrasonic nonlinearity parameters measured using through-transmission and pulse-echo methods
-
In-situ and Layer-by-layer Grain Size Estimation of Additively Manufactured Metal Components using Femtosecond Laser Ultrasonic Technique (Submitted)
-
Microstructural Characterization of Additively Manufactured Metal Components Using Linear and Nonlinear Ultrasonic Techniques
-
Tensile properties evaluation of additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V/yttria-stabilized zirconia composite using absolute nonlinear-ultrasonic technique (Submitted)
-
Generation and Measurement of Gigahertz Ultrasonic Waves in Additively Manufactured Thin Metal Components using Femtosecond Laser and Application to In-situ Grain size Monitoring (Submitted)
-
Nondestructive evaluation of micro-oxide inclusions in additively manufactured metal parts using nonlinear ultrasonic technique
-
Mechanical properties estimation of additively manufactured metal components using femtosecond laser ultrasonics and laser polishing
-
Experimental Verification of Contact Acoustic Nonlinearity at Rough Contact Interfaces
-
Compensation of a Second Harmonic Wave Included in an Incident Ultrasonic Wave for the Precise Measurement of the Acoustic Nonlinearity Parameter
-
Measurement of Absolute Acoustic Nonlinearity Parameter Using Laser-Ultrasonic Detection
-
Rapid Molecular Diagnostic Sensor Based on Ball-Lensed Optical Fibers
-
Porosity Evaluation of Additively Manufactured Components Using Deep Learning‑based Ultrasonic Nondestructive Testing (Editor's pick)
-
Deep Learning-Based Ultrasonic Testing to Evaluate the Porosity of Additively Manufactured Parts with Rough Surfaces
-
Analysis of the influence of surface roughness on measurement of ultrasonic nonlinearity parameter using contact-type transducer
-
Indirect Method for Measuring Absolute Acoustic Nonlinearity Parameter Using Surface Acoustic Waves with a Fully Non-Contact Laser-Ultrasonic Technique